Cement.



UNITED STATES Patented. October 18, 1904.

lieos'riuo LAMANNA, or BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

CEMENT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 772,523, dated Octobers, 1904. Application filed August 16,1904. Serial No. 220,959. (Nospecimens.)

To all whmn it may concern:

Be it known that I, AGOSTINO LAMANNA, o the city of Baltimore, in theState of Mary: land, have invented an Improvement in Gement, ofavcertain kind that is new and useful, the nature of which is fullydisclosed and set forth in the following specification.

My invention relates to that class of cement generally known ashydraulic cement and can be used as an artificial stone, formed into anytype or shape, for use in the construction.

of foundations of buildings or wharves, or in the general constructlonof either thereof, and

' is also applicable to various other uses and or solidifying withoutthe process of baking or the application of heat or any other artificialtemperature, forming a substance or stone that will resist theinfluence. of the elements andthat may be cut with the same facility asany other stone and at the same time being practically non-destructive;

The invention consists of a mixture of several elements or substancessubstantially in the proportions-hereinafter specified, which, however,may be varied in other proportions in order to obtain a composition ofdiffering solidity, &c., or for the purpose of adapting the substancethus created to varying resistances. 1

In the formation of the matter or substancesof this invention thefollowing ingredients or elements in substantially the proportions andparts herein mentioned and specified are used, which are mixedtogetherthat is to say, two parts of pozzuolana (or pozzolana) earth,one part of lime, two parts of crushed stone-and .to every bushel ofsuch mixture there is added two pounds of rock-salt. For use as a mortaror'plaster above surface the crushed stone is not used; but in lieuthereof a like quantity or proportion of sand is used, instead. Thesubstance produced from themixture of these elements or ingredients isthen applied to its place or-position and allowed to stand. The

salt mixed in its dry state in the proportion as hereinbefore mentionedand specified has such a chemical effect upon the other elements as torapidly solidify'the substances, causing the same to set rapidly,gradually fossilizing the mixture."

The ingredients mixed as above may be formed into blocks orin molds ofany desired shape or form and having any required or necessaryconfiguration. v

Theimportant element of my invention is the dry salt and by itsadmixture in certain quantities, parts, and proportions produces acement that will set readily and swiftly in or out of water and will notbe affected by the elements or any action of either salt or fresh waterand will gradually fossilize the substance of the mixture, adding to itsstrength and resisting qualities, and thus converting pozzuolana (orpozzolana) earth into a new kind of cement that will be cheaper, moredurable, and that can better be adapted for places where the substancewill be exposed to weather, water, dampness, or where strong solidityand great resisting power is essential. Having thus described myinvention, I claim An artificial stone, cement or other product,consisting of the following elements combined in substantially theparts, weights or proportions named viz: two parts of pozzuolana (orpozzolana) earth, one part of'lime, two parts of crushed stone (or alike quantity of sand in lieu of such crushed stone when used as amortar or plaster) and to every bushel of such mixture two pounds ofrock-salt.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name and aflixed my sealthis 9th day of August, 1904.

AGOSTINO LAMANNA.

Attest:

ANTONY DUVAICO, EMIL R. DENHARD.

